ARCHIVES
Original Article
Investigation and Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cells with an Approach to Reducing Optical Losses and Enhancing Stability and Efficiency
Mohammadreza ahmadi1
Mohammadreza Masoudimoghaddam2
Mohammadreza shahhoseini3
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran. 2Department of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. 3Department of Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Tehran, Iran
Published Online: July-August 2025
Pages: 12-18
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijire.20250604003References
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9. He, L., & Zhong, M. (2024). Optimization of the performance of CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells in air by adding polyethylene-graft-
maleic anhydride and its mechanism. Micro and Nanostructures. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micrna.2024.1110
10. Salem, M. S., Shaker, A., Abouelatta, M., & Zekry, A. (2024). Effects of 3-Bromo-N-methylbenzylamine modification on CsPbI₂Br
perovskite films and perovskite solar cells. Materials Today Communications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.12637
11. Mahmood, M., Sobayel, K., & Sapeli, M. M. I. (2024). Metal-Doped perovskite oxide Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO₃ as electron transport layer
for enhanced photovoltaic performance: An FDTD study. Solar Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2024.06820
12. Omelianovych, O., Sandhu, S., & Ewusi, M. A. (2024). Stable and efficient perovskite solar cells by controlling the crystal growth
via introduction of plasmonic TiN nanoparticles. Advanced Functional Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202407343
13. Verma, A., Shrivastav, N., & Madan, J. (2024). Enhancing sustainability in photovoltaic technology: Optimization of
NH₂(CH₂)₂NH₃MnCl₄ perovskite solar cells. IEEE International Conference on Photovoltaic Specialists.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPVSC.2024.10625166
14. Li, H., Xu, J., & Han, J. (2024). Ammonium iodide-incorporated SnO₂ obtains perovskite solar cells with over 24% efficiency.
Applied Physics Letters. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0148397
15. Xiao, M., Chen, B., & Pan, L. (2024). A dual‐functional molecule for efficient and stable CsPbI₃‐based 2D Dion‐Jacobson perovskite
solar cells. Solar RRL. https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400244
rivers and channels. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 102, 102777.
2. Michael, S., & Michalopoulos, P. (2002, August). Application of the SILVACO/ATLAS software package in modeling and
optimization of state-of-the-art photovoltaic devices. In The 2002 45th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2002.
MWSCAS-2002. (Vol. 2, pp. II-II). IEEE.
3. Hasani, A. H., Abdullah, S. F., Zuhdi, A. W. M., Bahrudin, M. S., Za'Abar, F., & Harif, M. N. (2018, August). Modelling and
simulation of photovoltaic solar cell using silvaco TCAD and matlab software. In 2018 IEEE international conference on
semiconductor electronics (ICSE) (pp. 214-217). IEEE.
4. Sharma, S., Jain, K. K., & Sharma, A. (2015). Solar cells: in research and applications—a review. Materials Sciences and
Applications, 6(12), 1145-1155.
5. Rodrigues, E. M. G., Melicio, R., Mendes, V. M. F., & Catalao, J. P. (2011, April). Simulation of a solar cell considering single-diode
equivalent circuit model. In International conference on renewable energies and power quality, Spain (Vol. 1, No. 9, pp. 13-15).
6. Bulowski, W., Szwanda, A., & Gawlińska-Nęcek, K. (2024). Optimization of the ETL titanium dioxide layer for inorganic perovskite
solar cells. Journal of Materials Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09581-w
7. El-Mrabet, M., Tarbi, A., & Hachimi, M. A. (2024). Integration of a second CsPbl₃−yIy absorber layer to enhance stability and
efficiency of perovskite solar cells. Optical and Quantum Electronics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-024-07811-8
8. Jan, M. A., Noman, H. M., & Qureshi, A. A. (2025). Interfacial optimization of hematite electron transport layer for enhanced charge
transport in perovskite solar cells. Optical and Quantum Electronics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-024-08033-8
9. He, L., & Zhong, M. (2024). Optimization of the performance of CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells in air by adding polyethylene-graft-
maleic anhydride and its mechanism. Micro and Nanostructures. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micrna.2024.1110
10. Salem, M. S., Shaker, A., Abouelatta, M., & Zekry, A. (2024). Effects of 3-Bromo-N-methylbenzylamine modification on CsPbI₂Br
perovskite films and perovskite solar cells. Materials Today Communications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.12637
11. Mahmood, M., Sobayel, K., & Sapeli, M. M. I. (2024). Metal-Doped perovskite oxide Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO₃ as electron transport layer
for enhanced photovoltaic performance: An FDTD study. Solar Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2024.06820
12. Omelianovych, O., Sandhu, S., & Ewusi, M. A. (2024). Stable and efficient perovskite solar cells by controlling the crystal growth
via introduction of plasmonic TiN nanoparticles. Advanced Functional Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202407343
13. Verma, A., Shrivastav, N., & Madan, J. (2024). Enhancing sustainability in photovoltaic technology: Optimization of
NH₂(CH₂)₂NH₃MnCl₄ perovskite solar cells. IEEE International Conference on Photovoltaic Specialists.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPVSC.2024.10625166
14. Li, H., Xu, J., & Han, J. (2024). Ammonium iodide-incorporated SnO₂ obtains perovskite solar cells with over 24% efficiency.
Applied Physics Letters. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0148397
15. Xiao, M., Chen, B., & Pan, L. (2024). A dual‐functional molecule for efficient and stable CsPbI₃‐based 2D Dion‐Jacobson perovskite
solar cells. Solar RRL. https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400244
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